In political science study, there exist 3 types of citizens.

1. participant : those who're analytic, observant & educated and think that by voicing out their views, they hoped that they can do a small changes to the system;

2. subject : those who follows politic issues but uncomfortable to speak bout it.. their sense of political competence are & efficacy are lower; some feel powerless;

3. parochial : they pay no attention on politics, have little knowledge of politics and seldom talk about it.. they have no sense of political competence or efficacy and feel powerless in the face of existing institutions. Their idea of democracy is only limited in casting vote during elections.

If we have more ‘participant’ citizens, we would have a ‘state governed by the people’.. Wakil rakyat would be whipped from their pulpit if they cannot perform. Penampang is currently having thousands of people under ‘subject’ political culture and it is a real pity consider majority of Penampangites are diploma/degree holders..